See this post for example usage. The code goes something like this. txt yt-dlp --download-archive archive. How to do that is a google search way no doubt. basically a mimic of those 3rd party youtube downloading sites but more simplistic. yt-dlp is: yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork based on the now inactive youtube-dlc. not quite sure why it was so strict to begin with in youtube-dl. (so you can sort them alphabetically and keep the playlist order)DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE I understand that I will be blocked if I remove or skip any mandatory* field Checklist I'm reporting a broken site I've verified that I'm runnin. can use a bigger number on youtube when using it with --live-from-start as it'll get it from the beginning anyways. github","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"devscripts","path":"devscripts. yt-dlp; Share. sudo apt-get remove youtube-dl. MacOS Video Tools. SW-DLT. Join one of the free chatrooms and enjoy a live xxx adult chat with the hottest Canadian cam girls or boys. exe , you should be greeted with a prompt to point the app to where you stored yt-dlp and ffmpeg, once you get that properly set up you should be good to download videos. yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork based on the now inactive youtube-dlc. sudo pacman -S yt-dlp. DO NOT post duplicates. Currently i am using the following in my config file: --write-comments --extractor-args max_comments: 50, all, all, all --extractor-args comment_sort: top. A youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixesNew Brunette. youtube-dl and the yt-dlp fork are a command-line program to download videos from YouTube. yt-dlp is a fork of youtube-dl and is a regularly updated open-source tool that helps you to download videos from your terminal. com folder and then open the embeds folder. ago. Improve this answer. yt-dlp is a small command-line program to download videos from YouTube. After seeing that it was not updated in sometime i changed to using dlp for my project instead. mp3 and everything works fine, it's a regular . Sensitive scopes require review by Google and have a sensitive indicator on the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Console's OAuth consent screen configuration page. Also if you pay for youtube premium and include cookies, then yt-dlp still gives highest priority to 356 . It's not just you. The following command sets the permissions of the yt-dlp file in the /usr/local/bin directory to allow all users (owner, group, and others) to read and execute the file. See the readme for more information. I got subtitles from other method. A youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixesFollowing this tutorial for youtube-dl, I had created an environmental shortcut named 'path' containing the destination of the youtube-dl. 35) [debug] Checking exe version. The following command sets the permissions of the yt-dlp file in the /usr/local/bin directory to allow all users (owner, group, and others) to read and execute the file. 3. berinaniesh berinaniesh. gstreamer, deepstream. What is yt-dlp. 02. How to Download audio from a YouTube video using yt-dlp. All in all, in your private-happy time all you need is Stripchat and a decent lock on your bedroom door. add --verbose to your command, and post the complete output. This repository hosts releases for the nightly channel for yt-dlp. Go to a youtube page while logged into your account and extract the cookies using the plugin. yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork based on the now inactive youtube-dlc. Description. Now, run the below command to install yt-dlp via PIP. Copy the URL and run the AHK script. It ought to work fine. webp image which although an open source format, it isn't widely supported as say a jpg or png. When I run the website on the localhost, everything runs perfectly, and I get a . Plugins can be loaded in any distribution of yt-dlp (binary, pip, source, etc. 詳しくは以下の記事を参照して. Check one of the following options:IMPORTANT: PRs without the template will be CLOSED Description of your pull request and other information Stripchat changed the parameter used to find the host portion of the m3u8 URL. A file named temp. A simple . 5. 1. To update it afterwards, for Ubuntu 20. 06 upgrade/downgrade to tag 2023. Sometimes open-sourceness get in the way of documentation friendliness and I hope this helps. But I got rid of them when I switched to yt-dlp. VICTORIA_____'s Live Sex Show, Free Chat, Profile & Photos 🔥 Visit VICTORIA_____ Official Page Now! ️. AdmiralArmadillo. I've read the guidelines for opening an issue. yt-dlp must write to STDOUT with -o - , not in a regular file; Then pipe to ffmpeg, not -i in. • GeForce GTX 1660 Ti Mobile. I have been using yt-dlp to download videos from crunchy roll for a while but it suddenly stopped working with a 403 forbidden message. • 2 yr. Release: Github/Documentation: PyPi:. youtube-dl -o file1. Find and fix vulnerabilitiesyt-dlp vs youtube-dl – usage examples. 3. ) and can be distributed and installed as packages. Every time you invoke yt-dlp, it will be with those arguments (unless you use the --ignore-config option, then. Fixes #5963 and #5866 Template Before submitting a. Dec 22, 2022 at 20:54. Thanks for the constructive feedback helloImNoob,. 04), yt-dlp downloads at 86 MiB/sec , which is ~2100x faster , again, as tested on Ubuntu 22. Merge youtube-dl: Upto commit/ed5c44e. IMPORTANT: PRs without the template will be CLOSED Description of your pull request and other information Stripchat changed the parameter used to find the host portion of the m3u8 URL. 3 Branches. . See the readme for more information Add --compat-options 2021,2022තැන්ක්යූ වේවා මචෝ stripchat එකේ streams ගන්න බැරි කරල වගේ නෙ මචං. 1,502 2 2 gold badges 18 18 silver badges 26 26 bronze badges. Guides and How to's. This fixes it. . I'll shamelessly copy another post of mine: . yt-dlp - A youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixesA youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixesyt-dlp release 2022. The main focus of this project is adding new features and patches while also keeping up to date with the original project. Plugins can be loaded in any distribution of yt-dlp (binary, pip, source, etc. Group Sex 27. pl *. Fixes #5963 and #5866 Template Before submitting a pull request make sure you have: At least skimmed through contributing guidelines including yt-dlp coding conventions Searched the bugtracker for similar pull requests Checked the code with flake8 and. – Willem van Houten. When using yt-dlp with Stripchat with the new patch #5985, you are given all the options except 1080p. I will revert it to 100. Archived post. Also also also you have to make sure the sample rate is correct. I'm reporting a bug unrelated to a specific site; I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version 2023. Video Streaming Downloaders. I am not sure what is the problem and I have tested all other tools like yt-dlp, yotube-dl and streamlink. Alternately, you can set up a config file to always send your videos to a given directory, so you can run yt-dlp from anywhere. Syntax yt-dlp [OPTIONS] URL [URL. yt-dlp is a fork of the now-discontinued youtube-dlc, with the goal of adding new features and patches while also staying compatible with the original project. . Which is a pity as it worked very well until Feb 17. Merge youtube-dl: Upto commit/de39d12. Sensitive scopes require review by Google and have a sensitive indicator on the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Console's OAuth consent screen configuration page. Tartube runs on MS Windows, Linux, BSD and MacOS. js and express on the back end that in turn calls . Here's how to do it: yt-dlp --cookies-from-browser [browser name] [youtube link] Replace " [browser name]" with the name of your browser, the ones that are supported are, brave, chrome, chromium, edge, firefox, opera, safari, vivaldi. 1. Copy the WHOLE output (starting with [debug] Command-line config) and insert it below. Fix end time of clips by cruel-efficiency. One thing I want is to pass the "% (filepath)s" value to a function in my python script. Run your yt-dlp command with -vU flag added (yt-dlp -vU <your command line>) I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version 2022. yt-dlp is: yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork based on the now inactive youtube-dlc. The bitrate reported for 616 is wrong. Paste the copied link into the blank space above. There are a lot of options an it's more or less clear how to use it when using tool from command line. I've searched the bugtracker for similar issues including closed ones. hatenablog. The code is not accessable from within the applet. geez, I'm an idiot. Alternatively you can use yt-dlp --update-to nightly if you have at least yt-dlp 2023. 2208538650 yt-dlp 2207926493 youtube stream capture. 97fps, with AVC codec, and stereo audio with sample rate 44. 01. Wait for files like MP4 and MP3 to be converted. And, most annoyingly, no track or disc. js and click on Open In New Tab. /slideslive] Fix slides and chapters/duration * [extractor/SportDeutschland] Fix extractor * [extractor/Stripchat] Fix extractor * [extractor/tnaflix] Fix extractor * [extractor/tvp] Support stream. To be specific: I have yt-dlg and yt-dlp in a folder located "Desktop -> Songs & Clips -> youtube-dlp"; upon downloading the zip file of "ffmpeg-master-latest-win64-gpl", then unzipping the file to produce an unzipped file still in the "This PC -> Downloads" folder, I followed the instructions I linked in my original post by copy-pasting the. 04 r/Genshin_Impact • Direct Download Links for Genshin Impact 3. . This is so that you don't get double extensions in the final file. The yt-dlp shortcut for iOS takes advantage of this program and offers a user-friendly interface to access its features. Visit Stripchat. 41 votes, 24 comments. I'm not familiar with Videomass so it's possible that something different happened. I'm trying to make yt-dlp (yt_dlp python module to be specific) work to use it as a replacement for inactive youtube-dl to get direct links to youtube video streams to watch them with omxplayer. "The YT premium ID is 616 VP9 vs the normal 248 VP9 as you can see with yt-dlp. EDIT: To avoid misunderstandings: Only reason I mentioned this, is, not to badmouth closedsource stuff, but, it is just people who want purely opensource things, might be mistaken that Stacher is also opensource, because it is mentioned in combination with yt-dlp, especially. A youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes - fix: '@' symbol in url [stripchat] · yt-dlp/yt-dlp@6d34954A youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes - [Stripchat] Add extractor (#1668) · yt-dlp/yt-dlp@c6118ca . tvp. devcontainer","contentType":"directory"},{"name":". In the cases where youtube-dl gives me errors, yt-dlp works just fine. Description. DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE I understand that I will be blocked if I intentionally remove or skip any mandatory* field Checklist I'm reporting that yt-dlp is broken on a supported site. yt-dlpの後に半角スペースを入れダウンロードしたい動画のURLを入力します。 実際に入力するとこんな感じです。 コマンドを入力してEnterを押せばダウンロードが始まり、yt-dlpを置いたフォルダに動画が保存されます。 yt-dlpで時間を指定してダウンロード. What settings are there to get the absolute 'best' audio quality from youtube videos using yt-dlp? I used -f best to download a playlist and it ended up giving me mp4s, which were wayyyy lower quality than the original uploads. github","contentType":"directory"},{"name":"devscripts","path":"devscripts. yt-dlp is a small command-line program to download videos from YouTube. Note: Package versions >= 1. yt-dlp - A youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixesYT-DLP Return Format (m3u8) I have a website that runs on node. , and software that isn’t designed to restrict you in any way. Those will be fixed when yt-dlp and youtube-dl are fixed, and will require that those engines are updated by whatever mechanism those apps use. de, Tagesschau, Tass, TBS. Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version 2022. I've read the guidelines for opening an issue. As of September 2021, youtube-dl is one of the most starred projects on GitHub, with over 100,000 stars. If you go to their stream on Stripchat, you can confirm 1080 is available and they will be streaming at 1080p. Q&A for work. -S res,ext:mp4:m4a --recode mp4. mp4 is created with video resolution 1280x720 at 29. Why they give it free to ios, I have no clue. I watched countless tutorials and tried my best, but ended up with nada. 2022 on Ubuntu 22. Automate any workflow Packages. VR streams are only accessible via app (slr, deovr etc. The main focus of this project is adding new features and patches while also keeping up to date with the original project. 334 At the time this article was written no release that fixes this bug was made. 登録でハピタスポイント1,000ptもらえるURL bitFlyer口座開設（ビットコイン1,000円もらえる）URL 2023/3/3追記 min117. I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version 2023. use --user-agent "" and --referer "" (use same user-agent as your browser, find yours easily at ifconfig. Run your yt-dlp command with -vU flag added ( yt-dlp -vU <your command line>) Copy the WHOLE output (starting with. x retain support for the original youtube-dl. A youtube-dl fork with additional features and fixes - Installation · yt-dlp/yt-dlp WikiPlease follow the guide below You will be asked some questions, please read them carefully and answer honestly Put an x into all the boxes [ ] relevant to your pull request (like that [x]) Use Pre. com and other sites that don't provide direct links to the videos served. In fact, the Python API for yt-dlp doesn't mention the option download_sections, instead we have the option download_ranges: Current Documentation: download_ranges: A callback function that gets called for every video with the signature (info_dict, ydl) -> Iterable[Section]. Transition from blogging to YouTube - my experience. When you --embed-thumbnail, yt-dlp certainly grabs the video thumbnail, but just giving that command alone will give you a . And in most cases yt-dlp is still best because it supports more services than youtube-dl. I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version 2022. If you swapped it around to say mkv/mp4, you get two mkv's because mp4+m4a is ok in mkv. Downloader එක yt-dlp දාහන්කො. 43k. Reload to refresh your session. mp4 but | ffmpeg -i - This is a smart way to do that. John Campbell, he has almost 2300 videos and my issue is yt-dlp isn't saving some, on the ones with fragments I search for that video on my drive and it isn't there. Do more processing in --flat-playlist. The website offers lots of options for you to enjoy the. Tour Start here for a quick overview of the site Help Center Detailed answers to any questions you might have Meta Discuss the workings and policies of this siteyt-dlp - Extractor Arguments and limiting comments. How to join multiple MP4 files from a GoPro with ffmpeg. Two reasons, 1: (the main reason) I just haven't gotten around to updating it to the latest yt-dlp binary or written a script to automatically do this. For more info see this. Description. 安装yt-dlp. Before attempting any of the aforementioned approaches, I would strongly recommend to first check if a new version (with bug fix included) has been released. Basically I think that pafy mostly uses yt_dlp, and so I think that yt_dlp should have all it takes to get the audiostreams, but I havent found out how. txt {} --jobs 8 is the number of yt-dlp instances to run at a time. . Once you open up youtube-dl-wpf. 04 seconds ago. When I instead type dln and paste the url, my command line issues the command yt-dlp. StretchInternet, Stripchat, Substack, SunPorno, SVT, SVTPage, I am running yt-dlp version 2022. 18, FFmpeg version is 4. Click the download button to start the download. min. If you go to their stream on Stripchat, you can confirm 1080 is. config/yt-dlp/ (make the directory if it doesn't already exist) then simply put all your arguments into that file. use --user-agent "" and --referer "" (use same user-agent as your browser, find yours easily at ifconfig. 4. I've checked that all URLs and arguments with special characters are properly quoted or escaped. A community for sharing and promoting free/libre and open source software on the Android platform. If somebody here could help me out, I'd appreciate it a lot! Sample plugin package for yt-dlp. I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version 2022. run-on-arch-action Public. . 10 by coletdjnz. ) and can be distributed and installed as packages. 03 installed. yt-dlp is a fork of the youtube-dl application that brings to the table additional features to handle network-related issues, geographical restrictions, video filtering, subtitles, post-processing. I've read the guidelines for opening an issue. 11. Features. File containing URLs to download (-for stdin), one URL per line. Stripchat is a free online community where you can watch amazing amateur models perform live. I still do think it is better to look for a solution that doesnt involve such tight coupling to the default, but it is difficult to do without you having to write separate code for yt-dlp and for youtube-dl. Often done to prevent other webpages from embedding your images, videos on their webpages. Now, run the below command to install yt-dlp via PIP. extract_info ("ytsearch:%s" % requestedAudio. Found tools to download regular stripchat streams but they don't work for VR sadly. You have probably noticed that YouTube made some changes on their end and now yt-dlp just prints ERROR: Unable to extract uploader id; and exits. I have also looked at the documentation of yt-dlp, and it doesn't seem to have an option for downloading only the comments. sudo apt-get install python3-pip pip3 install --user youtube-dl. 1,502 2 2 gold badges 18 18 silver badges 26 26 bronze badges. Installing yt-dlp can simply be…To be specific: I have yt-dlg and yt-dlp in a folder located "Desktop -> Songs & Clips -> youtube-dlp"; upon downloading the zip file of "ffmpeg-master-latest-win64-gpl", then unzipping the file to produce an unzipped file still in the "This PC -> Downloads" folder, I followed the instructions I linked in my original post by copy-pasting the. import os os. py files in the yt_dlp library and searching this reddit, I was able to translate my bash script into python. Portable yt-dlp can be used from a USB stick or similar with no prior installation. It firstly uses youtube_search to get the URL of the video searched by keyword. youtube-dl -o file. Check one of the following options: yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork based on the now inactive youtube-dlc. yt-dlp offers the same functionality as youtube-dl, along with additional features and bug fixes. According to libraries. 2: I know how that version works with Stacher, so if a breaking change comes out in YT-DLP, I can send out an update. mmwin10 added site-bug triage labels on May 17. 10 or higher, or Linux. I downloaded that video without issue. 094900 nightly. When using yt-dlp, you can know whether throttling is expected by looking at the -F output. DO NOT post duplicates. py files in the yt_dlp library and searching this reddit, I was able to translate my bash script into python. While yt-dlp is fully opensource, the Stacher GUI is not opensource. No responseYt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork based on the now inactive youtube-dlc. yt-dlp produces a series of relevantly named folders and files of your targeted YouTube videos, perfect for your data hoarding needs. FlanOfWar. Why they give it free to ios, I have no clue. Follow edited Apr 21 at 4:58. I was thinking it was some config setting on the docker container, not the setting in the web front end. Delete all elements in the page. 23. com) ，它支持很多网站视频的下载，除了油管，还有 Twitter、Twitch、Bilibili 等。. 2. com, as well as many other sites. To list the available subtitles on a YouTube video with yt-dlp: yt-dlp --list-subs VIDEOURL. Also you should remove the . 11. 17. I've read the guidelines for opening an issue. mp4. com and other sites that don’t provide direct links to. In order to use the Youtube-dlp software, your computer must meet the following technical requirements: 1. 17 upgrade/downgrade to release to stable channel tag 2023. DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE I understand that I will be blocked if I intentionally remove or skip any mandatory* field Checklist I'm reporting that a supported site is broken I've veri. 08. At least skimmed through contributing guidelines including yt-dlp coding conventions; Searched the bugtracker for similar pull requests; Checked the code with flake8 and ran relevant tests; In order to be accepted and merged into yt-dlp each piece of code must be in public domain or released under Unlicense. The main focus of this project is adding new features and patches while also keeping up to date with the original project. You could suggest this feature to the developer. Moreover, to continue the development of new features and improvements while staying in sync with the original youtube-dl project. mp4 upvotes. In the Finder, go to your home directory (cmd+shift+H). Manage code changesyt-dlp is a powerful command line tool for downloading videos, playlists, and other content from YouTube and several other supported websites. It's blazing fast as well. Lines starting with #, ; or ] are considered as comments and ignored. 08. yt-dlp はコマンドラインアプリケーションなので、Windows の場合はコマンドプロンプトから使用する必要があります。 基本的には「yt-dlp [option] [URL]」と入力するだけでオンラインのビデオをダウンロードできるので、使い方はさほど難しくありませ. I've verified that I'm running yt-dlp version 2022. I've searched the bugtracker for similar issues including closed ones. Sections/Browse similar tools. The main focus of this project is adding new features and patches while also keeping up. Provide verbose output that clearly demonstrates the problem. 08 yt-dlp 2022. I've read about sharing account credentials and I'm willing to share it if required. 03. Video Downloaders. 02. VR streams are only accessible via app (slr, deovr etc. 💡 The primary purpose of yt-dlp is to carry on the legacy of youtube-dl. ) and can be distributed and installed as packages. The upstream youtube-dl [ dead link 2023-09-16 ⓘ] can still be installed as youtube-dl AUR. youtube-dlの開発が止まっておりfork版のyt-dlpに移る事にした。yt-dlpはyoutube-dlのforkであるyoutube-dlcのそのまたforkになる。オリジナルであるyoutube-dlのオプション解説はyoutube-dl オプション一覧及びそのメモ。 2022/06/19更新 2022/09/06更新 OPTIONS -h, --helpヘルプを表示する。 --versionプログラムのVerを表示. 1-full_build-(using Windows 10). yt-dlp --version. 334 At the time this article was written no release that fixes this bug was made. We are a community of enthusiasts helping each other with problems and usability issues. sudo pacman -R youtube-dl. You switched accounts on another tab or window. yt-dlp's documentation says that the output template can include section_title, section_number and so on, but it doesn't seem to work. There is this unofficial library to interact with music. The --embed-metadata option is also important for having the metadata embedded into the audio/video file rather than as a 2nd file. The main focus of this project is adding new features and patches while also keeping up to date with the original project. add the playlist number to the start of each filename. yt-dlp can be used as a drop-in replacement in most wiki's by replacing the . com and other sites that don't provide direct links to the videos served. To associate your repository with the yt-dlp topic, visit your repo's landing page and select "manage topics. The bitrate reported for 616 is wrong. DO NOT post duplicates. So I pretty much brute-force it by leveraging something like GNU parallel to run multiple yt-dlp processes at once, effectively multi threading it. DO NOT REMOVE OR SKIP THE ISSUE TEMPLATE I understand that I will be blocked if I remove or skip any mandatory* field Checklist I'm reporting a broken site I've verified that I'm runnin. My yt-dlp version is 2022. exe and yt-dlp. Provide verbose output that clearly demonstrates the problem. At least skimmed through contributing guidelines including yt-dlp coding conventions; Searched the bugtracker for similar pull requests; Checked the code with flake8 and ran relevant tests; In order to be accepted and merged into yt-dlp each piece of code must be in public domain or released under Unlicense. 09. If you are experiencing a throttling issue, switching to the yt-dlp project fork will very likely resolve your issue. Teams. webm. 19. js and hit * ENTER. Follow asked Mar 15, 2022 at 13:13. YT-DLP. 172 MiB . I didn't give the software a try yet, but the GitHub page. You signed out in another tab or window. true. At least skimmed through contributing guidelines including yt-dlp coding conventions; Searched the bugtracker for similar pull requests; Checked the code with flake8 and ran relevant tests; In order to be accepted and merged into yt-dlp each piece of code must be in public domain or released under Unlicense. Fix --list options not implying -s in some cases by Grub4K, bashonly. Wait for files like MP4 and MP3 to be converted. 01. That actually makes sense. I will revert it to 100. 07. Self-updater: The releases can be updated using yt-dlp -U. Install yt-dlp. Quickly and easily build your output name format. This PR implements the fix, provided by @bashonly, for #5963 by expanding the search for the m3u8 url as well as updating the m3u8 url template. MacYTDL is a utility which downloads videos using the youtube-dl and YT-DLP video downloader scripts. FlanOfWar. 2023. yt-dlp is a youtube-dl fork based on the now inactive youtube-dlc. Stripchat. 11. MacOS Video Tools. save as yt-dlp_rotate-proxy. I've read about sharing account credentials and I'm willing to share it if required. Ju9aad commented on Nov 19, 2022. Hit inspect element. Option 1: Extract cookies. Here's a breakdown of the options used in the command: -i input. Note: yt-dlp is a fork of youtube-dl that was created after the parent project became stagnant. If somebody here could help me out, I'd appreciate it a lot!To display messages from yt-dlp run program with the environment variable G_MESSAGES_DEBUG=yt-dlp. 14-arch1-1-x86_64-with-glibc2. This way it is now easier to extract a specific time intervals of a video/audio on youtube directly with YT-DLP & FFmpeg. 01. I think you can try setting the PYTHONIOENCODING environment variable to utf-8 before running your script. 0 are optimized to work with yt-dlp. •. py script to download a user-requested audio using yt-dlp. Video DownloadHelper - Download and convert videos without a hassle. BUT I subtitle downloaded is empty. 18. 11 (update instructions) or later (specify commit); I've checked that all provided URLs are playable in. Guides to install and remove yt-dlp on Kali Linux. yt-dlp is a small command-line program to download videos from YouTube. MacYTDL runs on any Apple Mac with macOS 10. txt file. 318 1 1 silver badge 14 14 bronze badges. 💡 The primary purpose of yt-dlp is to carry on the legacy of youtube-dl. Run your yt-dlp command with -vU flag added ( yt-dlp -vU <your command line>) If using API, add 'verbose': True to YoutubeDL params instead. Thank you. 1. com. If you're into programming, you could use the YouTube Data API to get the comments yourself. Video Streaming Downloaders.